Muslims contributed to math with advancements in algebra, trigonometry, and the development of the decimal system.
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Muslims have made significant contributions in mathematics that have shaped the way we calculate and solve equations today. One of the primary areas where Muslims have left a significant mark is in algebra. Algebra is derived from the Arabic word al-jabr, which means “reunion of broken parts.” The word was first introduced by the Muslim mathematician Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi in his influential book “Al-Jabr wa-al-Muqabilah” (The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing). Al-Khwarizmi’s work laid the foundation for algebra as a distinct mathematical discipline.
Another significant contribution made by Muslim mathematicians is the development of the decimal system, which is the foundation of modern mathematics. The decimal system includes the use of the numeral zero and a positional notation system, which makes arithmetic calculations much more straightforward and efficient. This system was first developed by the Indian mathematician Brahmagupta but was further advanced by Muslim mathematicians such as Abu al-Wafa and al-Khwarizmi.
Trigonometry is another area where Muslims left their mark. Trigonometry is the study of the relationships between the sides and angles of a triangle. The Muslim mathematician Muhammad ibn Jabir al-Harrani al-Battani made significant advances in the field of trigonometry, including the introduction of the sine function.
To put it in the words of the famous mathematician and historian, Florian Cajori, “Algebra found a vigorous life in the medieval Arabian world, where it was systematized and augmented by the Arabs. Algebra was the stronghold of the Arab mathematicians, and they improved and extended it in many ways.”
Here are some interesting facts about Muslims’ contributions to mathematics:
- Muslim mathematicians were some of the first to study and solve cubic and quadratic equations.
- Al-Khwarizmi also developed the concept of an algorithm, which is a sequence of steps used to solve a problem or perform a calculation.
- The concept of the circle and how to calculate its area and circumference was studied by the Muslim mathematician Al-Khwarizmi.
- The astrolabe, an instrument used to measure the altitude of stars, was also developed by Muslim mathematicians.
Table:
| Muslim Mathematician | Contribution to Mathematics |
|---|---|
| Al-Khwarizmi | Algebra, development of the decimal system |
| Abu al-Wafa | Development of the decimal system |
| Muhammad ibn Jabir al-Harrani al-Battani | Significant advances in the field of trigonometry |
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The word “algorithm” stems from the name of a Persian mathematician and scholar, Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. Al-Khwarizmi was a director in the House of Wisdom and made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, geography, and cartography. He introduced Hindu-Arabic numerals to the West and contributed to maths by showing how complex problems could be broken down into simpler parts and solved. This paved the way for the computer age, as the principles of algorithms became the foundation for modern computing.
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Muslim mathematicians invented the present arithmetical decimal system and the fundamental operations connected with it – addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a power, and extracting the square root and the cubic root.
Muslim mathematicians made numerous innovations in various branches of mathematics. They made advances in algebra, trigonometry, geometry and Arabic numerals. Certain advances were motivated by problems presented in Islamic scripture, such as Al-Khwarizmi’s development of algebra in order to solve the Islamic inheritance laws. Muslim mathematicians have written a great number of books and essays introducing mathematical notions and proving mathematical theorems.
Standing on the shoulders of their pre-Islamic Greek, Indian, and Persian ancestors, Muslim mathematicians have made numerous innovations in various branches of mathematics and have written a great number of books and essays introducing mathematical notions and proving mathematical theorems (Al-Daffaʾ 1977; R. Rashed 1984b ; 1996 ; 2015; Berggren 2016).
Certain advances made by medieval Muslim astronomers, geographers and mathematicians were motivated by problems presented in Islamic scripture, such as Al-Khwarizmi ‘s (c. 780–850) development of algebra in order to solve the Islamic inheritance laws, and developments in astronomy, geography, spherical geometry and spherical trigonometry in order to determine the direction of the Qibla, the times of Salah prayers, and the dates…
Islamic mathematicians such as Al-Khwarizmi, Avicenna and Jamshīd al-Kāshī made advances in algebra, trigonometry, geometry and Arabic numerals.
Science and mathematics are the subject of study. It includes reasons and proves. On the other hand religion involves faith and sacredness. They both are really two different things. They are totally different field of inquiry. Science gives us fact whereas religion gives opinion. In this view, science investigates about objective empirical facts, whereas religion studies subjective questions of ultimate meaning.
No scientists or resarchers do resarches based on their religion but they do on the facts. So in my opinion it is wrong to divide science and mathematics on the criteria of religion and caste but it should be on the facts, knowledge and interests.
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What did Muslims contribute to math and astronomy?
Answer will be: Mathematics was introduced into Muslim culture through the Holy Qur’an where complex rules of inheritance are outlined[i]. Learning is greatly emphasised in the Holy Qur’an, the first word of the revelation being a command to ‘read!
What achievements were made by Muslims in science and mathematics?
Response will be: One of the Islamic world’s most significant contributions to modern science was the translation of mathematical, medical, and astronomical texts from their original languages into Arabic.
Similarly, What are the two most important contributions of Islam to the areas of science and math?
Islamic astronomers built large observatories for viewing the stars. They also designed detailed celestial globes showing the positions of the stars and planets in relation to the Earth. New tools were developed including the quadrant and the astrolabe.
How did the Islamic empire contribute to algebra?
In particular, Islamic mathematics allowed, and indeed encouraged, the unrestricted combination of commensurable and incommensurable magnitudes within the same framework, as well as the simultaneous manipulation of magnitudes of different dimensions as part of the solution of a problem.
How did the Islamic empire contribute to mathematics?
The Islamic Empire established across Persia, the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa, Iberia and parts of India from the 8th Century onwards made significant contributions towards mathematics. They were able to draw on and fuse together the mathematical developments of both Greece and India.
Also question is, Why were Muslim mathematicians attracted to geometry?
Geometry, which came from Greece but to which Muslims contributed generalizations. The Muslim mathematicians were, however, more attracted to algebra and trigonometry than to geometry, but one aspect of geometry held a special fascination for them, namely the proof of Euclid’s fifth postulate.
Also, Who were Muslim mathematicians? Response to this: The Muslim mathematicians were, however, more attracted to algebra and trigonometry than to geometry, but one aspect of geometry held a special fascination for them, namely the proof of Euclid’s fifth postulate. Abu Jaffar Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarzimi (790-850) was born in Khowrzam (now Khiva in Uzbekistan).
Similarly, How did al-Khwarizmi contribute to mathematics? Response will be: Perhaps Al-Khwarizmi ’s most important contribution to mathematics was his strong advocacy of the Hindu numerical system (1 – 9 and 0), which he recognized as having the power and efficiency needed to revolutionize Islamic (and, later, Western) mathematics, and which was soon adopted by the entire Islamic world, and later by Europe as well.
Secondly, What did Muslims contribute to mathematics?
In reply to that: What did the Muslim contribution to mathematics? Muslim mathematicians invented the present arithmetical decimal system and the fundamental operations connected with it – addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a power, and extracting the square root and the cubic root. What are some Islamic achievements? Here Hassani shares his top 10 outstanding Muslim inventions
In this regard, Are there any Arab contributions in math and science?
Response to this: Originally Answered: Are their any Arab contributions to math and science? Actually, Arabs were on the top on the world for couple hundred years ! So they did a lot during that era . Who created number and algebra is el khawezmy. First one created “sociology” ibn Khold.
What is mathematics contribution by the Muslims? The contribution made by Muslim mathematicians towards Western civilization cannot be underestimated. Unlike other religions where dogmas are not linked to science, Islam and science are correlated (Ahmed 63). Muslims have contributed greatly to the development of modern science especially in the area of algebra.
Regarding this, What contributions did Muslims make in science? The reply will be: Muslim Contributions to Science (5) The Solar System Telescope Medicine Smallpox Botany Objective Experiment Chemistry Historiography . The Solar System. The astronomer who is said to have studied the solar system and presented the heliocentric theory for the first time was a Greek, known by the name of Aristarchus of Samos. He died in 270 BC.